## Friedrich A. Kittler (1990). *Discourse networks 1800/1900*. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. > [!INFO] > Type:: [[&]] > Title:: Discourse networks 1800/1900 > Author(s): [[Authors/Friedrich A. Kittler]] > Year:: 1990 > Tags:: > DOI:: > Citekey:: kittler_discourse_1990 > ZoteroURI:: [Open in Zotero: Discourse networks 1800/1900](zotero://select/items/@kittler_discourse_1990) > ReviewedDate:: [[2022-10-25]] ## Citation ```latex [@kittler_discourse_1990] ``` ## Related ```dataview TABLE file.aliases AS "Title" FROM [[@kittler_discourse_1990]] and -"Plans" and -"resources" ``` ## Summary - ## Other Comments - ### Annotation - 키들러는 이 책에서 새로운 형식의 기록 writing에 대해 examine한다. 그리고 그로 인한 인식의 변화 혹은 discourse network 에 집중하는데 ^e1a474 - 1800에 경우 알파벳 이전의 시기로 로만티시즘이 가능했고 목소리에 특권을 주고 relying on entirely on writing, 특히나 어머니의 목소리 그러므로 시 (poetry) 라고 이야기한다. - 1900의 담론의 네트워크는 타입라이터와 사진의 발명으로 인하여 ==destroys writing’s monopoly of media== 글쓰기는 기술화 technologised 되었으며 프린트된 페이지는 이차원적으로 인식 reconfigure되었다. ## Original: ### ([[References/Readings/@gere_hauntology_2016]], 212) - Friedrich Kittler defines the emergence of writing as the “Discourse Network” of 1900. In his book *Discourse Networks, 1800/1900*(1990) [[Friedrich Kittler|Kittler]] examines the difference between the two discourse networks in operation at either end of the 19th century. - The discourse network of **1800**, making Romanticism possible and relying entirely on writing, privileges the voice, particularly the maternal voice, and thus poetry. - The discourse network of **1900**, with the invention of the typewriter and the phonograph, **destroys writing’s monopoly of media**, **and also the privileging of the voice**. Writing now becomes technologized, as one media channel among others. The printed page is reconfigured as a two‐dimensional, inscribed surface, generating meaning through the difference of typewritten symbols—mechanical marks on the page—rather than the locus of the transcendent voice of poetry. This produces a new focus on the materiality and opacity of the sign. ### Related ```dataview LIST FROM [[@kittler_discourse_1990]] and -"Plans" and -"resources" ```